The 1940 Tacoma Narrows Bridge, a once-majestic suspension bridge, stretched across Washington State's Puget Sound like a steel spider's web. It served as a vital link between Tacoma and the Kitsap Peninsula. However, on November 7, 1940, the bridge succumbed to a deadly dance with gravity, collapsing into the watery depths below.
Dubbed "Galloping Gertie" by its builders, the bridge was known for its mysterious vertical undulations in the wind. Despite attempts to tame its movements, it met its demise in 40 mph winds that morning. The twisting motion grew increasingly violent until the deck tore apart, leaving only remnants of towers and cables as silent witnesses to the catastrophe.
The fallen bridge now lies beneath the waves as an artificial reef while its successor, built in 1950, stands proudly upon the original pedestals. This tragic collapse served as a catalyst for advancements in bridge aerodynamics and aeroelastics, shaping future suspension bridge designs.
As early as 1923, engineers like Joseph B. Strauss and David B. Steinman were consulted for ideas to connect Tacoma with the Kitsap Peninsula. However, funding challenges and disagreements on design approaches plagued the project from its inception.
The innovative design proposed by Leon Moisseiff ultimately won out over Clark Eldridge's conventional design due to cost savings and elegance. Moisseiff's theory of elastic distribution promised to absorb wind pressure and transmit energy to anchorages and towers. Unfortunately, this approach proved insufficient in preventing disaster.
The Tacoma Narrows Bridge collapse remains a cautionary tale for future generations of engineers and scientists alike – an unforgettable reminder that nature's forces can humble even our greatest creations.
On September 27, 1938, construction commenced on the Tacoma Narrows Bridge, a $6.4 million marvel stretching 2,800 feet as the world's third-longest suspension bridge. The slender structure, designed with only two lanes and a mere 39 feet in width, earned its nickname "Galloping Gerty" from the workers who witnessed her dance amid moderate winds.
Despite attempts to steady her rhythmic swaying - from anchoring cables to concrete blocks or installing hydraulic buffers - all efforts fell short. Professor Frederik Falkenhusen proposed drilling holes for airflow or adding deflector vanes for aerodynamics, but fate intervened; the bridge collapsed five days after his recommendations.
Leonardo Coatsworth, the last driver on the trembling titan, recounted crawling on hands and knees towards safety while the bridge crumbled around him. His car and Tubby, his daughter's Cocker Spaniel, plunged into the abyss below - the sole fatality of this disaster.
Captured on film by camera shop owners Barney Elliott and Harboring Monroe, the Tacoma Narrows Bridge collapse now serves as a cautionary tale for engineering and architecture students worldwide.
Silent film, etched in monochrome, danced at mismatched tempos. Monroe's lens captured 24 frames per second, while Elliott's waltzed at a languid 16. The bridge's oscillations - a frantic ballet, pirouetting 50% faster than reality.
In 2019, a second reel surfaced - Arthur Leach's view from Gig Harbor's edge. A civil engineer and toll collector, he bore witness as the last soul to cross westward before the collapse. Determined, he halted others from stepping onto the disintegrating stage.
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